MODERNITE PROSPECTIVE
PRE - REQUIS A L'ELABORATION D'UN SCENARIO REALISTE DE SORTIE DE CRISE...
QUAND LES MOTS ONT UN SENS : RAPPEL DE L'EVIDENCE (l'exemple de la Grotte Chauvet)
La quintessence de la modernité a été atteinte il y a 32000 ans, véritable époque des Lumières, en
Ardèche.
La mise en orchestration d'une cavité de 500 mètres de long par les habitants à cette époque exprime la symbiose anthropozoologique la plus achevée. La représentation des grands carnivores et herbivores sauvages exprime une empathie manifeste à leur égard. Ce chef d'oeuvre de l'art mondial a été réalisé par des hommes heureux, et reconnaissants à ceux grâce auxquels ils jouissaient d'une qualité de vie probablement inégalée depuis lors.
L'enjeu principal des décennies à venir est celui de la solide reconstitution d'une modernité telle que celle là sur l'ensemble de l'arc holarctique.
Nous sommes là assez loin, ce me semble, de la "modernité" actuelle, velléitaire et à bout de souffle, bien définie par le POCHLOST, mot russe intraduisible qui recouvre tout ce qu'il peut y avoir de vulgaire, de faux, d'inauthentique, de minable dans l'homme, l'infiniment petit et l'infiniment mesquin (selon Nabokov dans ses notes et cours sur Nicolas Gogol).
MODERNITE DE LA PIERRE POLIE
Les utilisateurs les plus réguliers de l'endroit n'étaient pas les hommes mais les ours des cavernes (de très nombreuses générations successives y furent présentes). On a retrouvé des milliers d'ossements de ces animaux, des salles qui leur servaient de nurseries, leurs traces de griffures sur les parois, de nombreuses empreintes de pas, dont ceux d'une mère et de son enfant qui gambadait autour d'elle.
De nombreuses parois sont étrangement lisses, au lieu d'être rugueuses : si les hommes, locataires ponctuels, se déplaçaient en ces lieux en s'aidant de torches, les ours, occupants réguliers, évoluaient dans l'obscurité en se frottant contre les parois, polissant celles - ci. La formule des spécialistes est "le poli d'ours".
RACINES DE L'AVENIR, LA VERITABLE FORCE
Je me contente ici de rappeler ce qu'évoquait Michel Pastoureau à propos de "Lou Moussu", "La bête moelleuse", en 2007, dans son livre "L'ours. Histoire d'un roi déchu". Collection : La librairie du XXIème siècle. Editions du Seuil. Extrait page 42, référence bibliographique page 338.
" Car si ce ne sont pas des hommes qui ont rituellement disposé les restes de l'ours brun du Regourdou ou bien symboliquement agencé la salle du crâne de la grotte Chauvet, les seuls qui aient pu le faire, ce sont les ours eux - mêmes. Faut -il de ce fait conclure que les ours préhistoriques enterraient leurs morts ? Qu'ils pratiquaient au fond des grottes différents cultes que les hommes, plus tard, bien plus tard, ont fini par imiter? Faut - il aller jusqu'à imaginer que ce sont les ours qui ont transmis aux hommes l'idée de religion, ainsi que toutes les croyances et tous les rites qui s'y rattachent?... je sais qu'un chercheur russe pense avoir retrouvé des vestiges d'un tel culte - celui des ours par les ours eux - mêmes -, dans des cavernes sibériennes du Paléolithique, là où l'Homme n'a jamais pénétré à cette période, ni même n'a jamais été présent avant l'âge du fer."
Cité par N. Jadrincev 1980, "O kulte medvedja preimuscestvenno u severnyx inododcev", dans Etnografiskoe Obozrenie (Moscou), vol. 13, pages 101 -
113.
GUEPARDS EN INDE EN 2012?
CONTROVERSE AUTOUR D'UN PLAN D'INTRODUCTION DE DOUZE GUEPARDS NAMIBIENS AU MADYA PRADESH.
La localité choisie aurait dû initialement héberger des lions en provenance de la forêt de Gir, dans le Gujarat. Mais le projet est bloqué par la vision patrimoniale de Narendra Modi, gouverneur de cet état, à l'égard de ces animaux symbôles de l'Inde traditionnelle...
Le guépard, très présent en Inde jusqu'à ces derniers siècles, a été le seul grand mammifère sauvage
officiellement exterminé sur le sous continent au cours des 1000 dernières années.
The Palpur-Kuno sanctuary in Sheopur district of Madhya Pradesh may soon become home to Cheetahs, which will be translocated from Namibia for revival of this endangered and now-extinct species in India.
“If all goes well as per the plan, then Cheetah would be introduced in the Palpur-Kuno habitat by the end of December or early January next year,” Madhya Pradesh Forest Minister, Sartaj Singh told PTI.
“The Cheetahs will be brought from Namibia for the revival of the now-extinct animal in the country,” he said.
“Surveys have been done in this regard and opinion of the experts are in favour of the re-introduction of Cheetah at Palpur-Kuno,” the minister said.
Recently, a team of experts from Namibia including Lorrie Marker, conservationist and senior forest department officials visited Palpur-Kuno to workout the strategy for reintroduction of Cheetah in the Palpur-Kuno sanctuary spread in an area of nearly 344.686 square kilometer, the department sources said.
For the ambitious Cheetah reintroduction plan, wildlife experts have chosen Palpur-Kuno and Nauradehi habitats in Madhya Pradesh and Shahgarh in Rajasthan, sources said.
But, the choice of Shahgarh may hit a wall with locals opposing the reintroduction plan in the desert state.
These places were chosen after the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) carried out a survey of various habitats across the country for the reintroduction of Cheetah, sources said.
Earlier, the Palpur-Kuno sanctuary was also shortlisted as the second home of the famous Asiatic Lions of Gujarat, but the programme ran into trouble with Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi opposing the shifting of lions from Gir forest.
The issue of translocation has become a bone of contention between the two BJP-ruled states as Modi has refused to part with the Asiatic lions for the neighbouring state, following which a day-long bandh was observed on January 4 this year in the district to protest the move, they said.
The Forest Minister, when asked about the plan of bringing Asiatic Lion to Palpur Kuno, said both the animals can co-exist in the sanctuary.
INDE : NOUVEL ASSASSINAT
Un peu plus d'un an après le meurtre d'Amit Jethwa, protecteur des lions d'Asie (voir blog du 03 08 2010),
SHEHLA MASOOD, ACTIVISTE DETERMINEE A LA PROTECTION DES TIGRES ET DE LEUR ENVIRONNEMENT, A ETE ASSASSINEE (voir l'article du Times of India, il y a 3 jours)
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-16/nagpur/29892044_1_diamond-mining-mining-activity-rio-tinto
Quelques mois auparavant (dans une interview donnée le 28 avril avril), le ministre de l'environnement et des forêts Jairam Ramesh admettait l'immense difficulté à préserver la vie sauvage en Inde, et notamment que "protecting tiger corridors is impossible"...
CRITERE PERTINENT
RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES D'ACTION DES BRIGADES DE PROTECTION
SEUL CRITERE D'EFFICACITE : L'AUGMENTATION OU NON DU NOMBRE D'ANIMAUX SAUVAGES (source: WWF Russia, ce jour)
Resolution of the Governor of Primorsky Krai No73 inspectors KGBU
According to the decree empowered the inspector to state control and supervision of the protection and use of wildlife and their
habitats. KGBU
In order to improve the service of the regional branch of the Amur reserves the World Wildlife Fund was organized and conducted an educational seminar for inspectors of regional reserves. The main issues explored during the workshop, there were questions of legal registration and retention of illegal actions by citizens and legal persons who violate environmental laws. Successfully conducted a seminar reflected on the work KGBU: in a short time in the reserves made up 15 minutes on violators of environmental laws, confiscated two rifles and poaching deer extracted. Two criminal cases.
"Effectiveness of Protected territory, no matter what her status is, in my opinion, should be
determined by the impact of this territory contiguous space. And in
this case - it is primarily an increase in the number of game animals - said Pavel Fomenko, coordinator of WWF's biodiversity at a seminar for inspectors
KGBU
In Primorye, there are 10 state natural reserves of the regional total area of 1046 hectares. This large area is an essential element of the state system of protected areas to maintain ecological balance in the rapidly developing region. Regional wildlife sanctuaries are home to many rare and endangered species. "Verhnebikinskogo" reserve inhabited by about 15-20 rare striped cat.
A PEACEFUL ANIMAL
MOINS DANGEREUX QUE L'OURS, ET MÊME QUE LE REQUIN
Hier, dans la zone extrême-orientale de Russie, un adolescent a été grièvement blessé lors d'une attaque de squale dans la région de Primorié. La veille dans le même district de Khassan, un jeune homme de 25 ans a eu les bras arrachés jusqu'au coude par les morsures d'un requin à 50 mètres de la plage.
Ces évènements revêtent un caractère tout à fait exceptionnel en mer du Japon. A l'échelle mondiale, les requins tuent chaque année moins de dix personnes, et en "agressent" moins de 100.
Dans cette région, le tigre n'attaque personne. Les seuls cas répertoriés dans les dernières années et décennies sont ceux de chasseurs s'étant confrontés directement à l'animal. Les conseils des naturalistes aux populations portent leurs fruits. Or, ici comme ailleurs, la présence du félin géant est garante de la vigueur de la forêt et de sa richesse en champignons, baies, fruits secs, ruchers sauvages, tout comme de la rivière et de sa richesse en poissons et plantes aquatiques.
Le tigre est beaucoup moins dangereux que l'ours au Kamchatka et en Amérique du Nord, ou même que le puma, animaux dont le bilan humain est nettement plus élevé (sans même évoquer élans et bisons).
Citons J.P. Galhano Alves (Thèse : Vivre en biodiversité totale, des hommes, des grands carnivores et des grands herbivores sauvages, publiée en 2000 par l'ARNT). Page 549 :"Encore au début du 20ème siècle, les pêcheurs et chasseurs de l'Amour croyaient qu'un langage spécial pouvait être utilisé pour entretenir des dialogues entre hommes et animaux. Ils ne tuaient jamais le tigre, considéré comme le gardien des régions sauvages." Son alter ego occidental, le tigre de la Caspienne, était tout à fait tolérant aux êtres humains ne pénétrant pas les roselières à cheval.
Page 549 encore : "Dans toutes les régions du tigre de la Caspienne les communautés locales considéraient que l'animal n'attaquait jamais personne".
Garant d'une Nature généreuse assurant largement gîte et couvert, le tigre est, qui plus est, quelqu'un avec qui il est TRES facile de vivre en paix.
ONE KEY ELEMENT FOR TERRITORY FUTURE
UNE ETUDE MONTRE QUE LES REVENUS DE LA COLLECTE DES BAIES ET DES CHAMPIGNONS PEUVENT ETRE DIX FOIS SUPERIEURS A CELLE DE L'EXPLOITATION INDUSTRIELLE DE LA FORET (source : WWF Russia, il y a deux jours).
La forêt protège le pays, et fait vivre ses habitants. Résultats spectaculaires et
impressionnants.
Per capita income from collecting non-timber forest products - mushrooms, berries and nuts - can be ten times greater than that of timber. WWF debunks five of the most common myths about Russian forests.
Forest - this is not a set of trees, and complex ecosystem that includes numerous species of living organisms (bacteria, plants, fungi, animals), and performs many ecosystem functions. And as many of these species, and features people can use, including for profit. Of course, if the organization management and sustainable use.
Rarely discussed in the media, although well-known fact that for many residents of forest communities, especially remote, an acute problem of unemployment and lack of income. In many cases, the problem is partly solved by gathering wild plants and sales people - mushrooms, berries and herbs. In such places, from half to 100% of the population in the season are collecting non-timber resources, and money raised for 2-3 months, and often feed the entire family for a year. In other cases, old dikorosovy perk to help people significantly improve their quality of life - buying a car, appliances, etc. A regular salary for the local production or in forestry does not allow it.
Again, it is no secret that the profit from the sale of wild plants as a rule several times higher than the profits from timber and paper products. Certain exceptions may be rare and valuable timber species - but this is a part. For example, in the Far East estimated that the per capita income is now from the collection of pine nuts is almost 4 times higher than income from timber harvesting. And just for fruiting period of one stone pine (200 years), who grew up in this period will give timber revenue in the budgets of up to 8 times less the population - to 777 times less, and the tenant - 20 times smaller than could have given a nut, which can prepare for this period. And if we adjust nut processing and sales of it, the positive socio-economic impact will increase significantly. This is only nuts, but only in the cedar-broad-leaved forests of the Far East may be to harvest more than 100 different species of non-timber's resources.
Accordingly, the profitability of business on the fact dikorosovogo far exceeds that of timber. But for the development of dikorosovogo businesses, especially small and medium, there are large, if not irresolvable problems created by the new forest legislation.The state, unfortunately, almost no side deals with the development of forest management, so that niche now occupied by private, often illegal business.
So, then, that the income from the forest can be accessed only to cut it down -
it is pure myth . Unfortunately, this myth permeated all official information about forests in Russia. For
example, in the approved in October 2008
"Forest Condition in Europe 2011" , the main problems of forest management in Russia are low cost of round timber for large stocks of raw materials and low level (per unit area) for non-market resources and services related to the forest. If Europe makes a 1 ha suitable for logging an average of 146 euros, Russia - only 5 euros.
When China's estimated economic impact of deforestation in the country as a whole, were horrified: the total annual economic losses from degradation of forest cover of China in 1992 dollars was estimated at 245 billion yuan, accounting for about 29 billion U.S. dollars. Now China is the world leader in forest restoration, leaving far behind all other countries, including highly.
So it is time to take our forest authorities calculator and calculate how to make our forest industry is much more profitable, improving in this life to themselves and others. Money is literally under our feet grow! A forest ecosystem damage from side to use as a whole far less than that from industrial logging.
BIKIN IS NOT SAFE
INCERTITUDES PERSISTANTES POUR CERTAINES ZONES ESSENTIELLES DE LA VALLEE DE LA RIVIERE BIKIN (source : WWF Russia, hier. Voir aussi, le même jour "WWF claims TIGER victory", in Moscow Times)
http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/wwf-claims-tiger-victory/442027.html
WWF welcomes the government's decision to save valuable forests from logging in the valley of the Bikin River, but regrets that the systemic security nut production zones will not be provided.
WWF believes the list of orders released following the meeting with Deputy Prime Minister Viktor Zubkov, a half.
On the one hand recognized the need to save valuable forests in the valley of the Bikin River, including the Bikin and Pozharsky
nut-fishing zones. Instructed to find forest areas for the main person involved in the
conflict Bikin - Timber Company CJSC
Thus, Ltd.
WWF strongly disagree with the company and considers absurd assertion that the future development of the forestry sector Primorye can be achieved by cutting of protective forests. Especially as the area of all nut-fishing zones in the coniferous-deciduous forests of the Far East in less than 3% of the total area of forest fund.
"Time to pioneer the development of virgin forest and hunt for top-notch Kruglyakov valuable species in
Primorye is over. But many coastal timber merchants can not bear the thought of the end of the era
According to Smirnov when lumbermen really think about the long term, they must learn
NO MORE IMPUNITY
L'acquitement des notables braconniers de l'Altaï (voir "So far from cup to lips" du 26 mai dernier") a été remis en cause ces tous derniers jours.Decision of the Altai court overturned the acquittal of the officials who participated in the VIP-hunting mountain sheep, as a signal for other fans of illegal hunting. (source : WWF Russia, hier).
"It's not important that someone must have been jailed. We sat in prison, and so a lot of people. But a conditional sentence would be correct signal to the leaders who continue to participate or organize hunting "- said the director of WWF-Russia Igor Chestin in interview "Interfax" .
According to WWF, requires a signal from political leaders that such actions are inconsistent with positions in government service.
VIP-hunting is rarely disclosed because of the involvement of representatives of law enforcement agencies, and the incident in the Altai
became known only because of the helicopter crash.The Mi-171 helicopters (Mi-8) with senior officials crashed in January 2009 in the Mount Black Altai. In the crash killed seven people, including presidential envoy to the Russian State Duma Alexander Kosopkin. Four survived, three of them brought to justice - it's vice-premier of the republic Anatoly Bannykh, who resigned after the accident, CEO
The case received much publicity, primarily because of the fact that after the helicopter crash appeared on the Internet pictures of the wreckage, including the Altai mountain sheep are seen (also called Pamir argali, or argali), listed in the Red Book of Russia and the international Red Book. . Any hunting them is forbidden. Moreover, using hunting aircraft is a gross violation of applicable laws.
VIE SAUVAGE POUR LA PROCHAINE GENERATION
La tigresse recueillie par Victor Yudin (voir page 19 juillet) restera au centre. L'objectif est qu'elle puisse y enfanter des tigreaux réensauvagés par la suite (source Phoenix Fund, ce jour).
Roskosh (Luxury) tigress was brought in Primorye for procreation. Earlier it was planned to release the animal to freedom
in some remote wilderness.
The animal which had been terrifying the residents of Roskosh village in the
Khabarovsk region in late May, was brought to Primorye on August 4. Now it will live in a private
keeping centre in Gaivoron village. Scientists expect that the tigress will bring offspring and help increase the
tiger population, said Eduard Kruglov, Director of the Utyos Wildlife Rehabilitation Center.
In the center the tigress has lived for almost two months. The predator was brought there
after it had lifted a few dogs. Originally it was planned to conduct the necessary tests, help the
animal recover and then release it into some remote area. However, scientists have decided otherwise.
"Further fate of the tigress was decided at the Severtsev Institute for Ecology and Evolution
(Moscow). The scientists considered it best not to release the animal into the wild, but leave it in
captivity for procreation," - said Eduard Kruglov.
According to him, the tigress was taken from the Utyos centre on the eve of August 2, around 11 p.m. It is completely healthy, feels and
eats well.
Let us recall that in late May the tigress stole a few dogs in the villages Roskosh and
Kotikovo. The animal was captured taken to a rehabilitation center for animals only on June 5. The nickname
was chosen because the predator had been hunting dogs in the vicinity of a village with the same
name.
