LE 2 FEVRIER 2011 SERA AUSSI LA JOURNEE DES ZONES HUMIDES DU BASSIN DE L'AMOUR, AVEC EN VUE LA LIBERATION DU FLEUVE DE TOUT BARRAGE.
L'ENVOL
Life and the future of the Amur River - in the hands of people living
on its banks
February 2 - International Day of Wetlands. On the snowy plains of Russia's Far East with the frosts of -10 to -50, this date may cause
confusion. What swamps? In fact, the day chosen for a reason. February 2 is carried out mass registration of all waterfowl to their wintering areas in Asia. At this time there are a peak number of birds in wetlands, lakes, and reservoirs.
All the birds have flown before "winter quarters", but no one has ever moved
back.
For the curious: flying off from Russia in the fall, our storks, for example, for a
month or two linger in Northeast China, to feed on harvested fields, and then fly to the Yangtze. Live in warmth and comfort of the coldest time, feeding on the moor, and in early March gets under way in return. A Far Eastern curlew flies for winter in Australia - for five thousand kilometers!
Cupid - the most important flyway for migratory birds.
Vast flocks descend ducks, geese, shorebirds on the lake and marsh tributaries of the
river, resting, waiting out bad weather, supported during the multi-day trip. And for the 300 species of birds Amur River basin - a place where they were born, grew up and where to return each year to build a nest and bring
offspring. This is where the nest 95% of the world's remaining Far
storks, 65% Japanese and 50% Daurian cranes.
A huge freshwater ecoregion is divided between China, Mongolia and
Russia. On the Russian side in the Amur basin located Transbaikalia,
Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krai, Amur and Jewish AutonomousRegion. In
2003, to deal with these subjects of the Russian Federation was created by the Coordinating Committee on Sustainable Development in the Amur River basin to develop common
policies and strategies for managing the environmental situation.
In 2009, the powers of the President of the Coordinating Committee referred to
the Trans-Baikal Territory. Deputy Governor of the Territory Eugene
Vishnyakov became the youngest chairman in the history of the committee. In the Committee's work plan for the next three years, the main attention is paid to the legislative initiative. Necessary to achieve adoption of the Federal Law on environmental management in the Amur River basin, a
series of measures to promote international cooperation with neighboring countries in the sphere of nature management and environmental protection.
The most important environmental task is to review the Scheme of complex use and
protection of water bodies of the Russian side of the Amur River Basin (SKIOVO).
Free-flowing Amur River without dams on the mainstream - the main principle of
the integrated management of river, and this idea is supported by WWF and Co-ordinating Committee.
On the tributaries of the Amur - river Zeya and Bureya already constructed hydroelectric
power station, and the impact of their impact on hundreds of kilometers downstream: floodplain dry off, disappearing lakes and spawning grounds. Necessary to provide environmental releases (additional water discharge) in order to preserve the unique fish fauna of the Amur. Spring during the spawning water from reservoirs should be reset to fish could spawn. Each species spawn at a certain depth and at a certain temperature.
Artificial structures have violated centuries of evolving a system of reproduction of
the inhabitants of a river. Releases will nourish wetlands that
accumulate water and store it until the dry months, as reservoirs, providing food of cranes and storks nesting in marshes and near them.
Acute problem of settlement of the Amur River Basin water resources between
countries. China had violated international agreements and dug a
channel to Lake Dalaynor. As a result of Argun - one of the sources of the
Amur River, grows shallow, the number of cranes that are included in the international Red Book, is falling. On the agenda - the creation of a biosphere reserve on the landfill Daursky Argun. Only scientists can track the situation with a change in watering areas and in time to prevent the
catastrophic effects of drought.
An essential part of the integrated protection of water bodies of the Russian part of
the Amur River Basin (SKIOVO) is developed by WWF international program of the Green Belt Cupid "to create a transboundary network of protected areas in Russia, China and
Mongolia. Already have successful experience of cooperation
trilateral Russian-Chinese-Mongolian reserve "Dauria, bilateral Russian-Chinese nature reserve" Hank ". For animals there are no borders, they choose those places where there is food and shelter. Signed an agreement to work together Sokhondinsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve (the Trans-Baikal Region), and the
Onon-Baldzhinskogo National Park (Mongolia), between the reserve Khinganskiy (Amur region) and Honghe (PRC), nature reserves "Bastak (EAO) and Bachadao" (PRC), reserves Bolshekhekhtsirsky
(Khabarovsk Territory) and Sanchzhyan (PRC).
In the Green Belt Cupid "should include all important for nature conservation
wetlands. At the initiative of WWF Amur region created the Upper
Amur reserve. A unique piece of the floodplain of the Amur is rich
in endemic plants, which grow nowhere else. In Khabarovsk Krai
created Sanctuary Aistiny ": a large array of wetlands Mezhuyev rivers and Chorus Podhorenok became the home for 8-10 pairs of storks. This territory was taken under protection and will soon begin construction of artificial support for nests, the number of
birds will increase. In the Jewish Autonomous Region is working to
translate the regional reserve "Zabelovsky in a clustered area of the reserve" Bastak. This will improve the status of wetlands and enhance the protection regime. Dozens of species of fish spawn in lakes and streams in Zabelovke, hundreds of birds build their nests there.
On how clean and productive wetlands in the floodplain will depend the health of the
Amur River. Indeed, any river cleans itself.
In so doing, it helps marshes that pass water through a pad of peat moss filter and
purify it from contaminants. Natural laboratory works in any
weather.
A separate unit in terms of there preparations for and conduct of the "Days of
Cupid. The foundation was laid in 2003 with the inter-regional campaign
"Preservation Wave" was organized by 18 specially protected natural areas located in the basin. More than 20,000 Far East have received information about what is interesting and valuable to the nature of the ecosystem of the Amur river, what problems
exist and in what ways you can solve them. In 2004 there was an
action "Stork of Cupid." At this time the movement began, "Guardians
aistinyh nests", which allowed the Red Book pasportizirovat all nests birds carry Fireproofing nesting trees, and where there are no big trees - to begin to put artificial
support. Thanks to all measures, the number of storks in the Amur
region, for example, has increased in 1,8 times!
And then in the promotion of environmental issues including the Amur
children. At first it was an action of "Green Shield Black Dragon,"
during which more than 25,000 schoolchildren 5 Russian subjects of the Amur basin clean beaches of lakes and rivers, springs and restored the plant around their trees, the birds were met and
cared for wintering birds. Practical things Russian children caught
the attention of adults in China and Mongolia. Children of all three
countries have begun to draw the "Friends of the Amur. International
exhibition of 120 paintings traveled around the pool for two years. At the same time was preparing documents for the hearings in the State Duma on the Amur River. Children's drawings, posters, poems, and inversion were an illustration of the fact that all the inhabitants of the
region, from small to big, want to help the river to be clean and remain free of dams.
2008 was declared the Year of WWF Ramsar sites in the Amur River
basin. Lake Hanka, Bolon, Torey and Udyl - they sometimes do not
even know the inhabitants of the territory or region in which they are located. Exhibition of photographs and drawings, booklets, posters and flyers, hundreds of "swamp", which came up with schoolchildren, animating themselves marshes
and their inhabitants, as custodians of water and biodiversity, have helped to tell is accessible and interesting for Wetlands of International Importance.
Administration and regions of the Amur Region organized many activities to
promote the Amur river, but they were apart, at different times and with different slogans. In 2009, by decision of the Coordinating Committee on Sustainable Development in the Amur basin Seminar on Planning of "Days of Cupid" common to the entire
basin. It combines action, which will help the public and the
authorities realize that the problems with all living on the Amur river, alone, and decide they must work together.
During the "Days of Cupid" will be held press conferences, roundtables, student online
conference. March 14, International Day against dams, will discuss
the problem of construction of hydropower stations on the rivers and their impact on nature in the three territories and two areas of the basin. In 2011 begin inter-regional action "River belt, which will end the festival" Days of
Cupid. Each region and the region will be prepared for this event,
and then all together organized a grand celebration in honor of the great river, which feeds water them, and protects the people living on its banks. Cupid is worthy of respect and care, like a river, around which live and thrive on its wealth of citizens
of the three states.
For further information please contact Svetlana Titova, Program Coordinator of
WWF-Russia Amur branch of PAs STitova @
amur.wwf.ru
Future depends on today's Amur-making
WWF urges the regions located in the Amur basin, to perform order of the President to prepare federal
target program for the protection and ecologically sustainable use of water and biological resources of the Amur.
February 2, World Day of wetlands and a day of celebrating the 40 anniversary of the Ramsar Convention, in reserves and in the capitals
of regions of the Amur Region will be held press conferences and roundtables on "Days of Cupid." This two-year campaign was
launched in the Far East last year by the decision of the Coordinating Committee on the Amur. For the first time all five
subjects of the Russian Federation, located in the basin of the river, started a general awareness campaign, whose mission - to draw attention to problems of preservation of ecosystems of the
Amur River basin.
Amuru lucky. May 27, 2010 a meeting of the Presidium of the State Council on the reform of public administration in environmental matters. At the initiative of the Governor of Khabarovsk Krai Vyacheslav Shport issue of the Amur was considered at the meeting. President Dmitry Medvedev approved the list of instructions to the
Government. Vladimir Putin, together with the executive authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation should prepare a draft
federal target program, which envisages the implementation of measures for conservation, including the transboundary impact, and the environmentally sustainable use of water
and biological resources of the Amur River Basin. Now the regions involved in the preparation of a joint project of such a
program, which will include both the social and economic development of the basin, as well as environmental issues unique river, one of the 4 major rivers in the world who do not have dams on
the mainstream.
The whole of last year was under development "schemes of complex use and protection of water bodies (SKIOVO) on the Amur River
Basin." The challenge was performed scientists. The
apotheosis of the work should be a discussion of this Scheme regional officials, scholars and the public. The scheme must undergo
public hearings and be sent to the state ecological examination. Today it is clear that SKIOVO not include some aspects of
biodiversity conservation pool, not paid attention to transboundary issues. But on the banks of the Amur, except Russia, are
China and Mongolia.
"SKIOVO should become the main instrument for the use of the Amur River in the next 10 years - says Yuri
Darman, director of the Amur Branch of WWF Russia. - Amour - Russian-Chinese river.
In November, the international Tiger Forum, a meeting of Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin and Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao,
in which it was said that the country will strengthen relations between the construction of oil and gas pipelines.
China is willing to invest in forestry and agriculture, the mining industry. Therefore, it is now important to evaluate the one hand, the possibility of economic development in the Amur basin, on the other side - the threat to river
ecosystem. We fear that China is willing to invest in construction of hydropower plants on the mainstream, against what
has already performed all the governors of regions and areas located in the basin. This year, China needs to complete a
program of specially protected natural areas - the Green Belt of the Amur. We hope that this issue would be discussed in
September at an international meeting of the Amur - 2011.
/http%3A%2F%2Fd.yimg.com%2Fi%2Fng%2Fne%2Fmaxisciences%2F20110208%2F17%2F3389097710-zones-humides-quatre-nouveaux-sites-proteges-au-mexique.jpg%3Fx%3D205%26y%3D232%26q%3D75%26sig%3DFxpHXEwtgQ_w6139SxH.EQ--%23205,232)
